{"id":6553,"date":"2024-09-24T08:29:02","date_gmt":"2024-09-24T07:29:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/?p=6553"},"modified":"2026-01-11T19:29:33","modified_gmt":"2026-01-11T18:29:33","slug":"ndebele-of-engagement-and-ritual-nuptials","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/en\/ndebele-des-fiancailles-et-noces-rituelles\/","title":{"rendered":"Ndebele: ritual engagements and weddings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><br><strong>North of Pretoria, the capital of South Africa, lives one of the main branches of the Ndebele people. The wedding ritual is divided into three parts, each with its own specificities. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ndebele dress is highly codified. Each item of jewellery is a sign of status or social age, and each new accessory added or removed is the mark of a new stage reached. <br><br>Until the wedding, the young girl wears a light, relatively 'sexy' outfit that is common among the Zulu and Xhosa, consisting of a simple beaded skirt and a strapless necklace, also made of glass beads, that exposes part of her breasts.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-0\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Tablier en perles de verre port\u00e9 par les jeunes filles avant la c\u00e9r\u00e9monie de fian\u00e7ailles.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Tablier en perles de verre port\u00e9 par les jeunes filles avant la c\u00e9r\u00e9monie de fian\u00e7ailles.\" title=\"South Africa. Glass beaded apron worn by young girls before the engagement ceremony.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"443\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Glass bead apron worn by young girls before the engagement ceremony. \" class=\"wp-image-6583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290.jpg 640w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290-600x415.jpg 600w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0743_ndebele_girls_apron_3359488290-36x24.jpg 36w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Glass bead apron worn by young girls before the engagement ceremony. \u00a9 Commons<\/em><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The wedding is organised between the families of the future spouses. The first stage is the <em>labola<\/em>. As in many African societies, a dowry must be offered by the suitor to his future wife. This can be paid in several instalments, in money and livestock, with the first instalment due before the wedding begins. The matrimonial negotiations between the two groups of families are a long process, involving the presentation of six to eight head of cattle, and are not finally concluded until long after the birth of the first child. The conjugal residence is that of the husband, and the newly-weds ( <em>omak jothi<\/em> ) are involved in cooking, beadwork and even raising other small children from various households on the family estate. Wives are required to observe the custom of <em>ukuhlonipha <\/em>or \"respect\" for their stepfathers (physical avoidance, first-name taboos, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-1\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Jeune femme ndebele du village de Mpumalanga. \u00a9 Commons.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Jeune femme ndebele du village de Mpumalanga. \u00a9 Commons.\" title=\"South Africa. Young Ndebele woman from the village of Mpumalanga. \u00a9 Commons.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Young Ndebele woman from the village of Mpumalanga. \u00a9 Commons.\" class=\"wp-image-6586\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088.jpg 640w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_20328573088-36x24.jpg 36w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Ndebele women from the village of Mpumalanga. \u00a9 Commons.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Once the wedding date has been set, the second stage is for the bride to spend two weeks away from home. A ritual retreat to her parents' home. During this initiation period, the young girl prepares large hoops or <em>golwani<\/em> (or <em>isigolwani<\/em>) for ankles and legs. These colourful hoops are made by wrapping grass and cotton around a spool and boiling it in sugar water to harden it. They are then dried in the sun before being covered with strands of glass beads. The leg rings make movement difficult, so the young girl has to be supported to put them on and stand up. These rings also come in bracelets and imposing round ornaments that are superimposed to cover all or part of the arms, legs, waist and neck. They are worn by young women coming out of their initiation ceremony... or by young brides whose husbands have not yet finished building their homes. Older women may also wear them for taste or to attract tourists. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-2\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Jeunes filles Ndebele du village de Mpumalanga sortant de leur p\u00e9riode d&rsquo;initiation. Elles portent des cerceaux color\u00e9s autour des jambes ou Isigolwani.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Jeunes filles Ndebele du village de Mpumalanga sortant de leur p\u00e9riode d&#039;initiation. Elles portent des cerceaux color\u00e9s autour des jambes ou Isigolwani.\" title=\"South Africa. Young Ndebele girls from the village of Mpumalanga coming out of their initiation period. They wear coloured hoops around their legs or Isigolwani.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Young Ndebele girls from the village of Mpumalanga coming out of their initiation period. They wear coloured hoops around their legs or Isigolwani.\" class=\"wp-image-6567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier-36x24.jpg 36w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele_Village_Mpumalanga_South_Africa_19895249753-Copier.jpg 1154w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Ndebele women from the village of Mpumalanga wearing coloured hoops or isigolwani around their legs \u00a9 Commons<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>During this period of withdrawal, the young girl can only receive visits from members of her family, and the women teach her how to be a good wife. She wears a bridal apron, the <em>liphotu<\/em>It is made up of two leaves symbolising the bride and groom and a fringe of pearl tassels evoking the hoped-for children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-3\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Tablier liphotu \u00e0 deux pans symbolisant les \u00e9poux. Royal Ontario Museum.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Tablier liphotu \u00e0 deux pans symbolisant les \u00e9poux. Royal Ontario Museum.\" title=\"South Africa. Two-sided liphotu apron symbolising the bride and groom. Royal Ontario Museum.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"671\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Two-sided liphotu apron symbolising the bride and groom. Royal Ontario Museum.\" class=\"wp-image-6563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier.jpg 671w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier-262x300.jpg 262w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier-524x600.jpg 524w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Liphotu_apron_Ndebele_South_Africa_20th_century_-_Royal_Ontario_Museum_-_DSC09561-Copier-21x24.jpg 21w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 671px) 100vw, 671px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Two-sided liphotu apron symbolising the bride and groom. Royal Ontario Museum.<\/em> <em>\u00a9 Commons<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p> The next stage begins with the birth of the first child, considered to be the pinnacle of the marriage. After giving birth, the young woman is allowed to wear the beaded apron. <em>\"ijogolo\"<\/em> (or <em>itshogolo<\/em>), the five sides of which depict a mother surrounded by children. The colourful motif of a modern dwelling with windows, doors and a pitched roof indicates the importance of home and family to the Ndebele, as well as the desire for a more modern way of life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-4\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Tablier Jocolo. Le blanc est la couleur traditionnellement pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e pour ces tabliers, comme le montre le champ uni de perles blanches dans les exemples les plus anciens.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Tablier Jocolo. Le blanc est la couleur traditionnellement pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e pour ces tabliers, comme le montre le champ uni de perles blanches dans les exemples les plus anciens.\" title=\"South Africa. Jocolo apron. White is the traditionally preferred colour for these aprons, as shown by the plain field of white beads in the oldest examples.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Jocolo apron. White is the traditionally preferred colour for these aprons, as shown by the plain field of white beads in the oldest examples. \" class=\"wp-image-6556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier.jpg 633w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier-247x300.jpg 247w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier-10x12.jpg 10w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier-495x600.jpg 495w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/0730_P7316235_Ndebele_Jacolo_9407335208-Copier-20x24.jpg 20w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 633px) 100vw, 633px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Ijogolo apron. White is the traditionally preferred colour for these aprons, as shown by the plain field of white beads in the oldest examples. \u00a9 Commons<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Marriage concluded<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After the birth of the first child, the groom sends a letter to the bride's family asking for a date to finalise the payment of the <em>labola<\/em>. He must then buy a sheep, blankets and some clothes for the girl's family. The groom's parents then visit the bride's parents and pay the dowry, after which they take the bride-to-be to their family. Whether urban or rural, Ndebele weddings today include a customary ceremony (<em>ngesikhethu<\/em>) and a Christian ceremony. The wedding is ritually celebrated in the presence of family members, who witness the pronouncement of marriage vows and the exchange of rings. L'<em>\"ijogolo\"<\/em> is also worn by all married women during the wedding ceremony. After the religious ceremony, the couple put on traditional clothes and travel with guests to the new bride's home for the wedding meal, after which gifts are presented to the newlyweds. During the ceremony, the young woman remains wrapped in a red blanket known as the \"wedding blanket\". <em>nguba, <\/em>which indicates her status as a wife.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-5\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Parure de cou ou idzila port\u00e9e par une femme ndebele. R. Barbier.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Parure de cou ou idzila port\u00e9e par une femme ndebele. R. Barbier.\" title=\"South Africa. Neck ornament or idzila worn by a Ndebele woman. R. Barbier.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Neck ornament or idzila worn by a Ndebele woman. R. Barbier.\" class=\"wp-image-6561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier-36x24.jpg 36w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_3161-Copier.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Neck ornament or idzila worn by a Ndebele woman. R. Barbier.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><br>Once she is under her husband's roof, she can add the famous <em>Idzila<\/em>the brass spiral necklace which has earned the Ndebele the nickname of \"The Ndebele\", which they share with the Kayan women of Burma. <a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/en\/giraffe-women-from-tradition-to-attraction\/\">\" giraffe women<\/a> \".<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-6\" data-rl_title=\"Afrique du Sud. Jeune femme ndebele portant l&rsquo;idzila.\" data-rl_caption=\"Afrique du Sud. Jeune femme ndebele portant l&#039;idzila.\" title=\"South Africa. Young Ndebele woman wearing the idzila.\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"501\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier.jpg\" alt=\"South Africa. Young Ndebele woman wearing the idzila. \" class=\"wp-image-6565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier.jpg 501w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier-196x300.jpg 196w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier-8x12.jpg 8w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier-391x600.jpg 391w, https:\/\/universvoyage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ndebele-Copier-16x24.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>South Africa. Young Ndebele woman wearing the idzila. <\/em>\u00a9 <em>R. Barbier<\/em>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Find out more : <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.southafrica.net\/za\/en\/travel\/article\/culture-and-expression-of-identity-the-ndebele-of-south-africa\">https:\/\/www.southafrica.net\/za\/en\/travel\/article\/culture-and-expression-of-identity-the-ndebele-of-south-africa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Text :<\/strong> Brigitte Postel<br><strong>Photos : <\/strong>Wiki Commons and R. Barbier<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>North of Pretoria, the capital of South Africa, lives one of the main branches of the Ndebele people. The wedding ritual is divided into three parts, each with its own specificities. The Ndebele dress code is extremely strict. Each...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6559,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118,182],"tags":[94,254,21,300,205,301],"class_list":["post-6553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-afrique","category-afrique-du-sud","tag-art-de-vivre","tag-artisanat","tag-civilisation","tag-coutumes","tag-mariage","tag-rituels"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ndebele : des fian\u00e7ailles et noces rituelles - Univers Voyage<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les habitudes vestimentaires des Ndebele sont tr\u00e8s codifi\u00e9es. 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